In the automotive industry, safety concepts include fail-safe, fault tolerance, fail-operational, fail-secure and fail-silent.
A fail-safe system enters safe mode when detecting critical failures, such as an engine control unit.
A fault-tolerant system avoids service failures when identifying erroneous information, such as a nuclear reactor control system.
A fail-operational system continues to operate when the control system fails, such as an electric power steering system.
A fail-secure system maintains maximum safety when inoperable, such as an electronic door control system.
A fail-silent system stops communicating with other nodes when detecting safety-critical failures, such as a vehicle control unit.
Choosing the appropriate safety concept depends on system safety requirements and risk assessment, which is crucial to ensuring overall vehicle safety.
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